Understanding of Research Methodologies

Course Modules

Module 1: Introduction to Research

• Meaning of Research: Understanding the purpose and scope of research.

• Objectives and Significance of Research: Exploring the goals and importance of research in various fields.

• Research Method vs. Methodology: Differentiating between research methods and methodologies.

• Criteria of Good Research: Identifying the characteristics of high-quality research.

• Meaning of Social Research: Defining social research and its relevance.

• Characteristics of Social Research: Understanding the unique aspects of social research.

Module 2: Types and Methods of Research

• Classification of Research: Categorizing research based on purpose, approach, and methodology.

• Different Types of Research: Exploring qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods research.

• Steps in Research: Understanding the systematic process of conducting research.

Module 3: Review of Literature

• Need for Reviewing Literature: Understanding the importance of literature review in research.

• Literature Search Procedure: Learning how to conduct an effective literature search.

• Sources of Literature: Identifying primary and secondary sources for research.

• Planning the Review Work: Organizing and structuring a literature review.

Module 4: Planning of Research

• The Planning Process: Steps involved in planning a research study.

• Selection of a Problem for Research: Identifying and defining a research problem.

• Formulation of the Selected Problem: Refining the research problem into a clear research question.

• Hypothesis: Developing and testing hypotheses.

• Concept: Understanding key concepts and variables in research.

• Measurement: Techniques for measuring variables accurately.

Module 5: Research Design or Plan

• Meaning of Research Design: Defining research design and its purpose.

• Need for Research Design: Understanding why a research design is essential.

• Preparation of the Research Design: Steps to create an effective research design.

• The Content of a Research Design: Key components of a research design.

Module 6: Sampling Design

• Introduction to Sampling: Understanding the role of sampling in research.

• Sampling Techniques or Methods: Exploring probability and non-probability sampling methods.

• Sampling Design and Choice of Sampling Techniques: Selecting appropriate sampling methods.

• Sample Size: Determining the optimal sample size for research.

• Sampling and Non-sampling Error: Identifying and minimizing errors in sampling.

Module 7: Methods of Data Collection

• Meaning and Importance of Data: Understanding the role of data in research.

• Sources of Data: Exploring primary and secondary data sources.

• Methods of Collecting Primary Data: Techniques for gathering primary data.

• Use of Secondary Data: Leveraging existing data for research.

• Selection of Appropriate Method for Data Collection: Choosing the right data collection method.

Module 8: Tools for Data Collection

• Types of Tools: Exploring various data collection tools.

• Construction of Schedules and Questionnaires: Designing effective research instruments.

• Measurement Scales and Indices: Understanding scales and indices for data measurement.

• Pilot Study and Pre-tests: Testing and refining data collection tools.

Module 9: Field Work

• The Nature of Field Work: Understanding the role of fieldwork in research.

• Selection and Training of Investigators: Preparing researchers for fieldwork.

• Sampling Frame and Sample Selection: Ensuring accurate sampling during fieldwork.

• Field Operation: Managing fieldwork effectively.

• Field Administration: Overseeing and coordinating fieldwork activities.

Module 10: Processing of Data

• Preparation for Analysis: Organizing data for analysis.

• Editing: Cleaning and refining raw data.

• Coding and Classification: Structuring data for analysis.

• Transcription of Data: Converting data into analyzable formats.

• Preliminaries for Computerized Data Processing: Preparing data for digital analysis.

• Tabulation: Organizing data into tables.

• Construction of Frequency Table: Creating frequency distributions.

• Graphs/Charts/Diagrams: Visualizing data effectively.

Module 11: Statistical Analysis of Data

• Statistical Analysis: Understanding the role of statistics in research.

• Measures of Central Tendency: Calculating mean, median, and mode.

• Measures of Dispersion: Understanding variability in data.

• Measures of Association/Relationship: Exploring correlations and relationships.

• Multivariate Analysis: Analyzing multiple variables simultaneously.

• Hypothesis Testing: Testing research hypotheses using statistical methods.